Narration in both language hindi and English[Direct to indirect speech]

Narration  is art of reporing the words of a speaker .

(1) simple way to understand what is direct speech and indirect speech:- 

                       Here we talk about three person by this we can understand what is direct speech and what is indirect speech.

(1) ROHAN

(2) ANKIT

(3) MOHAN

DIRECT SPEECH :- when Rohan will say something to Ankit and  then it direct speech . 

Example :-He said ," I am working hard ".

INDIRECT SPEECH:- when Ankit will tell to Mohan of his whole that is held between Rohan and Ankit in his own way than it is direct speech. 

Example :-He said that he was working hard.

In Hindi :-

यहाँ  हम तीन व्यक्तियो  की मदद से Direct speech or Indirect speech को समझेंगे। 

(1) रोहन 

(2)अंकित 

(3 ) मोहन 

Direct speech :- जब रोहन अपनी बात को अंकित को बताता है तो वह एक direct speech है। 

Indirect speech :-  जब वही बात (जो बात रोहन और अंकित और रोहन के बीच हुई ) अंकित ,मोहन को अपने तरीके से व्यक्त करता तो उसे हम indirect speech कहते है 

(2) Direct speech :-

There is a two part of direct speech.First part that is outside the inverted commas(" ") is called REPORTING VERB and second part that is inside of a inveted commas (" ") is calld reported speech  

Example ;-- I said to him, "we are all friends".

I said to him = Reporting verb

We are all friends :- reported speech

Direct speech in hindi:-

Direct speech के दो भाग होते है। जिसमे पहला जो inverted commas(" ") के अंदर होता है उसे हम REPORTING VERB कहते है और दूसरा जो inverted commas(" ") के बाहर होता है उसे हम REPORTED SPEEDH कहते है। 

                                                         ऐसा जरुरी नहीं है की REPORTING VERB हमेशा पहले आये। कई बार REPORED SPEECH भी पहले आ जाता है।

(3) Indirect speech :-

(i) Inverted commas(" ") does not use in Indirect speech .

(ii)  In lot of sentence we use That , if , whether  and conjuction etc. and the all are be used  before the indirect speech.

What is conjuction :- it join two sentences

example :- Ram is clever but she is not honest.

Here but act as conjuction. 

(iii) Tense does not change in REPORTING VERB. Tense only change in Reported speech.

Indirect speech in hindi :

(i) Indirect speech में inverted commas(" ") उपयोग नहीं होता। 

(ii) बहुत से वाक्यों REPORTED SPEECH से पहले That, if , whether, आदि Conjuction का उपयोग किया जाता है। 

(iii) REPORTING VERB का TENSE कभी नहीं बदलता। केवल REPORTED SOEECH का ही TENSE बदलता है।  

(4)  Simple rule to changing the direct speech into indirect speech :-

(i)  We first focus on *noun(subject)* of  Reported speech.

#   Direct:- He said , "I am very happy".

 Here  we focus on I.

(ii) If  the  subject of Reported speech  is  First person then it is change according to subject of Reporting verb.

𛲣𛲢 Direct :- He said ,"i am very happy".

Here " I"  is first person so it is change according to subject of reporting speech(He)

Indirect speech :-  He said that he was very happy .

NOTE:- 

                     We should aware of the Reporting verb and Reported speech to understand everything. 

(iii) If the subject of Reported speech is 2nd person then it is change according to object of Reporting speech.

𛲠𛲠 Direct :- I said to him,"You are very wise".

                     

                                                                                                                               

Here " you" is 2nd person so it is change according to object .

Indiect speech :- I told him that he was very wise.

(iv) If the subject of Reported speech is Third person then subject of reported speech will not change.

𛲠𛲠 Direct speech :- He said,"He has done his work".

Indirect speech:- He said that he had done his work.

In Hindi :-

(4) Direct speech को  Indirect speech में बदलने के  सामान्य  नियम  :

(i) सबसे पहले हम Reported speech के * noun(Subject ) की तरफ देखेंगे। 

# Direct :- He said," I am very happy".

यहाँ हम I की तरफ देखेंगे , यहाँ I ही Reported speech का Noun (Subject ) है।   

(ii) अगर Reported speech का Subject , First Person हो तो यह Reported speech का subject , Reported verb के subject के अनुसार बदलेगा।